Emerald (पन्ना)

Emerald (Panna)

The name emerald is derived from a Persian word, which latter appeared in Greek as smaragdoes and then as smaragdus rome's pliny the elder described emerald in his natural history ,published in the first century AD .. Nothing greens greener was his verdict.

Historically the first emerald mines were by the red sea in Egypt, that were called CLEOPATRA’S EMERALD MINES. Cleopatra was know to have a passion for emeralds, and used it in her royal adornments.

Emerald’s green colour is known to relive stress and eye strain.
The world’s best emeralds are know to come from Colombia.

Emeralds that are filled with oil, over a period of time oil can evaporate and leave brown, white or yellowish residue.

Chemical composition
Beryllium Aluminum Silicate with Iron, Chromium and Vanadium

Species Beryl

Refractive Index 1.576-1.582 (+/- 0.017)

Specific gravity 2.67-2.78

Melting point 1300 C (Approx)

Best source
Colombia (fine Colombian emeralds are highly regarded for their excellent color)

Other sources
Afghanistan

Brazil

Pakistan

Russia Zambia A major Commercial source

Zimbabwe The Sandawana Valley is a famous source

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Treatments
Fracture filling: Filling surface reaching fractures with colourless oils or resins. it improves clarity and colour.

Dyeing: Adding colorant to the oil or resins used in the fracture filing process. Improves emerald color, gives light colored beryl an emerald green.

Coating: Covering a light colored beryl with a green plastic. Creates an emerald imitation

Hardness & Toughness
Hardness (resistance to scratching) 7.5-8 on the Mohs scale

Toughness (resistance to breaking and chipping) Poor to Good

Stability (Resistance to Heat and Chemicals)
Heat: May cause fractures

Light: Fracture filling may dry out or alter under intense light

Chemicals: Fracture filling may be affected by any type of chemicals, emerald itself is resistance to all acids except hydrofluoric

Synthetics: Synthetics Emeralds are readily available in the market.

Emeralds are grown in laboratory by HYDROTHERMAL AND FLUX METHODS

THE ONLY WAY TO SEPRATE NATURAL EMERALD FROM LAB GROWN EMERALD IS THROUGH INCLUSION (MAGNIFICATION)

Care and cleaning
Ultrasonic cleaning Never

Steam cleaning Never

Warm soapy water Usually safe. avoid vigorous scrubbing

Untreated emeralds command premium prices. An untreated emerald can be up to 50% more valuable than a treated one of the same apparent quality.

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Check list to help you make Gemstone's best buying decision:

Always take a gemstone’s certificate provided by an internationally recognized laboratory.
Look for the status of treatment (heated or unheated) carefully in the certificate.
Conversion of carat and ratti should be clear. Carat is the international unit for weight of gemstones, calculate and buy in carats.
For a genuine purchase decision stay with a professional or a jeweller with serious gemological training.

You must take a detailed bill of your purchase; it works as an undisputed future reference document.

Conversion from Carat and Ratti to mg
1 Carat = 200 mg
1 Ratti = 121.5 mg (in ayurveda this Rati is used) or
1 Ratti = 182.25 mg

In India people generally buy and sell gemstones according to Rati weight, but it is advised to buy them according to Carat weight because carat is a standard measurement.

Ayurvedic Ratti
1 tola = 11.664 gms
1 tola = 12 masha
1 masha = 8 ratti
1 tola = 12 x 8 ratti

1 ratti = 121.5 mg

Gold Ratti
1 tola = 16 aane
1 aana = 4 ratti
1 ratti = 182.25 mgm

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ID: EM 96F1

Weight in Cts. : 3.58 Weight in Ratti. : 6.00 Mounted or Unmounted Colour : Green Type of Cut & dimensions : Oval Mixed (11.27X8.74X6.13mm) Comments : Indication Of Clarity Enhancement with Oil in Fissures. Extent: F1 (Minor) Price : On Request

Emerald (पन्ना)

ID: EM 97F1

Emerald (पन्ना)

ID: EM 98F1

Weight in Cts. : 3.07 Weight in Ratti. : 5.00 Mounted or Unmounted Colour : Green Type of Cut & dimensions : Octagon Step(8.51X8.16X6.29mm) Comments : Indication Of Clarity Enhancement with Oil in Fissures. Extent: F1 (Minor) Price : On Request